Is air fryer cause cancer

Is air fryer cause cancer. How We Chose the Best Non Toxic Air Fryer for You Non Toxic Coatings. Now, why is that so? It is because starchy foods such as vegetables, potatoes, broccoli, and bread, when cooked at high temperatures, yield a carcinogenic compound called acrylamide. While they do use high heat, which can produce some harmful compounds, proper usage and precautions can minimize these risks. High-temperature cooking of fish in an air fryer has been associated with the development of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). Recently, a consumer group in Korea reported that French fries prepared by air-frying at 200°C contained significant levels of a possible carcinogen, acrylamide. It is important to note that these warnings do not indicate an increased risk of cancer and that air fryers are considered safe when used as directed. They can increase the risk of cancer indirectly too by contributing to obesity. Black + Decker 7. The trigger location is the power cord (which is fine). Apr 17, 2024 · The use of air fryers can reduce the amount of oil used in cooking by up to 75%. This reduces the risk of cancer. Gourmia 9. The air fryer is a completely healthy and easy-to-operate cooking utensil. Potential Risks Of Air Fryer Usage. Deep-frying food can increase the risk of cancer due to the high temperatures and the potential for carcinogenic compounds to form. The appliances are also thankfully BPA and PTFE-free. Cholesterol oxidation products aren’t the best for us. ) Innsky Air Fryer 5. Mar 30, 2023 · Additionally, it is important to make sure that the air fryer is kept clean and free of any food debris, as this can cause the appliance to overheat. Aug 19, 2023 · What Is An Air Fryer And Its Uses? Before we get into the details of does air fryers cause cancer, let’s start by looking at what it is. 2. There is no clear evidence that air fryers cause cancer. To reduce these risks, it is recommended to use air fryers in moderation, and to make sure that you are using them correctly, with safe and well Dec 27, 2023 · One study specifically shared that the high temperatures used to cook fish in an air fryer are associated with the formation of cholesterol oxidation products. Like every other air fryer, say you are cooking french fries, it will require high temperature to cook. Mar 18, 2020 · Compared to conventional frying, air-frying requires lesser oil to produce meals of a similar taste and texture. These include: Jan 5, 2023 · Hamilton Beach Air Fryer 31225 Convection Countertop Toaster Oven (Not complying with CA laws on chemical disclosures & PTFE) Hamilton Beach 31323 Sure-Crisp Air Fry Toaster Oven (Not complying with CA laws on chemical disclosures & PTFE. The idea that they specifically would cause cancer is absurd. Jan 31, 2023 · A TikTok video with more than 633,000 likes and more than 40,000 shares shows a shopper concerned about a Proposition 65 warning label on an air fryer. To explain, Ninja air fryers emit cancer-causing chemicals known as acrylamide. What it does do is recreate the crispiness of fried food, just May 15, 2021 · Do you like your french fries a dark golden brown? It turns out cooking potatoes at high temperatures with an air fryer can produce high levels of acrylamide Mar 27, 2024 · Unveiling the Best Air Fryer That Doesn’t Cause Cancer. Way of Cooking. it makes more sense to not use this basket in the first place, or just use a small countertop oven. An air fryer is a kitchen appliance that uses heat and a fan to circulate hot air around food, causing it to cook quickly and evenly. By examining scientific studies, expert opinions, and the principles of how air fryers work, we seek to provide a comprehensive understanding of whether these devices contribute to cancer risk. To minimize the potential risks, it is advised to use an air fryer in a well-ventilated area and cook food for the shortest time and at the lowest temperature possible. CA Prop 65 states that if a product has any leachable Feb 27, 2024 · This introduction aims to explore the relationship between air fryer use and cancer risk. 6 Quart XXL model is preferred by hundreds of healthy-cooking aficionados. Nov 19, 2022 · The Ninja air fryer P65 warning signals that the appliance can cause potentially serious disabilities like congenital disability, complications to the respiratory system, and cancer. The high heat used in air frying can create acrylamide, a chemical that may increase cancer risk, but the levels of acrylamide formed are not considered harmful. Nowadays, most nonstick coatings found on kitchen appliances and cookware are made from Teflon. air needs to circulate throughout the chamber and below food, which is why they have grates/racks that you place the food on. Jul 15, 2023 · Can non-toxic air fryers cause cancer? No, non-toxic air fryers have materials that are free of toxic chemicals that can cause cancer. They are completely safe in their materials and design. However, it is not the same with an air fryer. As such, Air fryers do not cause Cancer by themselves. Nov 11, 2022 · Ninja air fryers have a p65 warning because of the following: Production of hazardous chemicals that pose a cancer risk. Are air fryers BPA-free? Air fryers are made out of plastic with a metal inner basket. 1. Cooking Pizza Rolls in an Air Fryer (Best Conclusion. Even now years later, there’s still no tangible proof that air fryers cause cancer. Myth 1: Air fryers are a completely safe alternative to frying While air frying is a healthier alternative to traditional frying methods, it is not completely risk-free. Big Boss 8. Do Air Fryers Cause Cancer? At this time, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that air fryers cause cancer. Sep 11, 2023 · By most measures, air frying is healthier than frying in oil. No, air fryers do not cause cancer. Also, a lot of what causes cancer doesn’t solely rely on just the device, it’s also the cooking methods we use, the foods we eat, and genetics. Air frying produces fewer toxins when you compare it to the leading appliances used in kitchens today. Use a food thermometer to check the internal temperature of cooked Jul 26, 2023 · Here are some tips for safely using your Ninja Air Fryer: 1. 65 warning: Yes. However, there is some concern that air-fried food could harm your health. The user manual lets you know the non-stick coating in your air fryer model. Instead, air fryers circulate hot air to cook the food, making them a lower-fat option. Does Power XL Air Fryer Cause Cancer? In this article, Air Fryer Review and FAQs will take a closer look at the Power XL Air Fryer, how it works, and its benefits. Saying they cause cancer is like saying barbequing meat or giving a steak a good sear in a pan causes cancer. Acrylamide, according to this research on Cancer, is a potentially carcinogenic and highly toxic chemical. Instead, it rapidly generates radiant heat that an internal fan then Sep 28, 2023 · Myth: Air fryers cause heart problems and obesity. Green Pan 10. Oct 15, 2023 · Increased Risk. We’ll also delve into the link between fried foods and cancer and discuss the Nov 25, 2020 · BEST Non Toxic Air Fryers. Are people referring to the basket, or the grill plate thats on the basket? Yea I know stainless steel air fryers exist but i dont have funds to upgrade (those options are more expensive as well) Feb 15, 2023 · Fried foods are also high in acrylamide, a chemical found in carb-rich foods when cooked at high temperatures, which may increase the risk of several types of cancers. However, it’s important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using an air fryer and not to exceed recommended cooking times or temperatures. Jan 24, 2023 · Air fryers do not cause cancer by their design and material, but the methods and choices of food we select to cook in them may present the chances of formation of carcinogens. While air fryers themselves do not cause cancer, they may emit ionizing radiation, which can be harmful to human health. Using an air fryer in moderation and consuming a balanced diet can minimize any potential risks of cancer. Jan 19, 2023 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Aug 6, 2019 · No, air fryers are not known to cause cancer on their own. Here are some tips to keep in mind when air frying: Preheat the air fryer before inserting food. Source: NCBI; Air fryers can produce acrylamide, a potential carcinogen when cooking starchy foods at high temperatures. It is used in making paper, dyes, and plastics, and in treating drinking water and wastewater. May 15, 2023 · One of the most common questions asked by consumers is whether the Power XL Air Fryer causes cancer. The following are the best non toxic air fryers that are PTFE and PFOA free on the market right now. In the body, acrylamide is converted to a compound called glycidamide, which causes mutations in and damage to DNA. Compared with traditional fryers, air fryers are certainly healthier. CLAIM: Air fryers emit a dangerous electromagnetic field that can harm a person’s DNA and cells. However, this warning indicates Lead, which is known to cause cancer and other harmful components. Air fryer cancer causing material? Ive heard thar air fryers are bad in that they use teflon/non-stick material. , Teflon belongs to PFAS, or "forever chemicals," which have a long-lasting impact on the environment and have been linked to serious health issues, including Dec 2, 2023 · Is the air fryer healthy? Will it cause cancer? The shortest and most direct answer is: NO. No, Air Fryers do not cause cancer. The list could be longer depending on the chemicals a company uses in manufacturing. According to a new study, air fryers may release harmful chemicals that can increase your risk of cancer. So, if you’re purchasing an air fryer outside California you may not come across a prop 65 warning on many. So the deep frying is emulated with exceedingly heated air. Sources claim that they are a healthful alternative to other cooking methods, but others raise concerns about toxicity and cancer risks. Air fryers use hot air to cook food, which is a much healthier alternative to deep-frying food. In fact, studies have shown that air frying is a healthier option than deep-frying, which has been found to be a risk factor for various cancers. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is used in a variety of products, including kitchenware and packaging for consumers while perfluorooctanoic acid, often known as C8, is a synthetic compound that is 1. Studies in rodent models have found that acrylamide exposure increases the risk for several types of cancer ( 10 – 13 ). AP’S ASSESSMENT: False. As air fryers have become increasingly popular as a healthier cooking option, you may have noticed the cancer warning on some models, leading to questions about their safety. 8QT, 1700W Stainless Steel Air Fryer Oven. The air fryer can cause cancer if you make some food that is completely unsuitable to make in it. Kalorik Maxx 26qt Digital Air Fryer Oven. However, there is no conclusive evidence that air fryers cause cancer. The research around the popular fryers is still very limited. However, they have the potential to do so both directly and indirectly. HOmeLabs creates an array of non-toxic air fryers and the safest air fryer ovens, but the 1. Aug 3, 2022 · Air Fryer Cancer Warning. Due to that information, air fryers are known to be the healthier kitchen appliances. Instant Pot Duo Crisp 11-in-1 Air Fryer and Electric Pressure Cooker Combo. 8. Concerns that air fryers cause cancer or toxicity are nothing more than assumptions of skeptics. By the end, you’ll have a clearer understanding of the potential impact of air fryers on your health. Don’t cook at excessive-high temperatures. Note that some of these air fryers are hybrids and a multi-cooking appliance from being combined with a pressure cooker, grill or toaster oven. Acrylamide is a known carcinogen linked to an Jan 12, 2021 · There are various rumors that air fryers cause cancer. The study, which was conducted by the University of Queensland in Australia, found that when food is cooked in an air fryer, it can release high levels of acrylamide. The four models under scrutiny — the Power AirFryer 360 placing something like this in the air fryer sort of defeats the purpose of air frying in the first place. Clean your air fryer basket after every use. Nov 3, 2022 · 1. Though radiation from microwave ovens does not cause cancer, microwave cooking may pose an indirect risk due to its effects on foods or the containers the foods are cooked in. Chances are the manufacturer used Lead to connect different electronic components in the control system. This report aroused some concerns. Nutrichef 4. Here we explore the potential link between air fryers and cancer and provide tips to use air fryers for healthy cooking. Digital Stainless Steel Air Fryer. What it does do is recreate the crispiness of fried food, just without the fat. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. A TikTok video with more than 633,000 likes and more than 40,000 shares shows a shopper concerned about a Proposition 65 warning label on an air fryer. In fact, air fryers do not use the same cooking method as traditional deep fryers, which involve immersing food in hot oil. It is no different with air fryers, with many worrying that it may cause cancer. Jan 22, 2024 · Do air fryers cause cancer? Studies show that using an air fryer can increase the levels of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in fish. Air-frying equipment is not known to cause cancer, but the process of air frying does result in the formation of certain compounds, like acrylamide, that are linked to cancer development. Is The Non-Stick/Teflon Coating On The Air Fryer Acrylamide is a chemical used in industries such as the paper and pulp, construction, foundry, oil drilling, textiles, cosmetics, food processing, plastics, mining, and agricultural industries. Make sure your air fryer is placed on a flat and stable surface. Experts and appliance companies say the fryers don’t use radiation to heat food, as a microwave would. However, we do need to cook food. However, with every new invention, there comes a lot of buzz surrounding it. One brand of air fryer, the Emeril Lagasse Power AirFryer, has recently been subject to a class-action lawsuit following claims that the product is defective and dangerous. Oct 27, 2023 · Air fryers use hot air to fry foods. People who don’t have complete information about air fryers, they think that cooking in an air fryer causes cancer, but it is not so at all. Another point of concern is the cooking of fish in air fryers. Mar 16, 2024 · Myth#1: Air fryers are a safe alternative to deep fryers. Air fryers are great for cooking chicken wings, mozzarella sticks (OK, not all air fryer food is healthy) and other crave-able snacks. Safe air fryers have ceramic, stainless steel, and high-quality plastic. What is the best non-toxic air fryer? Jan 23, 2020 · Don’t put processed foods into the gas fryer for cooking, as the oil produced by the frying process is not healthy, and can create trans fats. If you don't Apr 1, 2023 · The air fryer is a popular kitchen appliance because it can cook food with little to no oil, making it a healthier alternative to deep-frying. COPs are linked to an increase in heart disease, cancer Apr 23, 2023 · Does your air fryer cause cancer? As a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist, I am often asked about the safety and health implications of air fryers. Believe it or not, this is a common misconception. The above chemicals make a perfect non-stick coating, but they are poisonous to human health. Air fryer produce cancer as they produce carcinogens. Jan 8, 2023 · Oster® Compact Countertop Oven with Air Fryer, Stainless Steel: Emeril Lagasse Power Air Fryer 360: HomeLabs 11. While air fryers do produce some heat, the amount of heat produced is not enough to cause cancer. Discover a new way of cooking with the Gourmia 8-qt. This will help prevent the air fryer from tipping over or moving while in use, which could potentially cause hot oil or food to spill. Acrylamide is classified as a probable human carcinogen. What causes cancer. Ninja® Foodi™ 5. Air fryers, on the other hand, use much lower temperatures and Dec 28, 2023 · No, Air fryers are not toxic, nor do they cause any harm to your health. One study actually found that air frying reduced acrylamide by 90% compared to deep frying (via Healthline ). Benzene is a chemical found in gasoline and other petroleum products. Use your air-fryer for less than two times a month. It cuts calories by 70% to 80% and has a lot less fat. It’s crucial to understand the factors involved and how they compare to traditional frying methods. And some parts of the Bella air fryer are designed with plastic, making it potentially toxic. In conclusion, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that air fryers can cause cancer. But, it’s important to use it safely and follow the manufacturer’s instructions to minimize the risk of exposure to harmful compounds produced by cooking at high temperatures. To avoid the cancer risk, you must remember a few things: Wipeout all leftover oil. Although air fryers are a healthy and easy alternative to traditional frying methods, they are not completely risk-free. Mar 16, 2024 · Gourmia air fryers have stainless steel or ceramic coatings making gourmia air fryer non toxicAdditionally, the Teflon-coated units are non-toxic as well, since they are PFOA/BPA-free and won’t cause cancer. Since air fryers use hot heat for cooking food, the toxic plastic chemical may get to your food, causing cancer or other related diseases. Nov 11, 2022 · No, all air fryers don’t have prop 65 warning since it’s a California law, that says the consumer has the right to know whether the product contains substances that can cause cancer. . Do not set your air-fryer’s temperature over 180-degrees Celsius to avoid burning your food and thus, leaving cancer-causing chemicals in your food. Source: cpsc. The trigger location is unclear (red flag). At least two consumers claim the appliance caught fire during use despite strict adherence to safety instructions. It is also important to avoid using very high May 4, 2020 · For this reason, air fryer purchases have risen from 2% in 2014 to 38% in 2018 . A relatively new gadget called an air fryer was created as a substitute for traditional deep-frying. Nov 13, 2022 · PTFE and PFOA-free, non-toxic air fryers are the ones that do not cause cancer. The question of whether air fryers are cancer-causing is Air fryers are just small high temp convection ovens. The TikToker says she was shopping at Target and was told by a woman to be careful about what type of air fryer she buys because it could cause cancer and pointed her to a warning label. Therefore, it’s up to you to weigh the pros and cons of using the product. The use of air fryers can reduce oil intake, which is often associated with such health issues, thereby questioning the validity of concerns about whether is air fryer safe. Use your air fryer on a flat, stable surface. Acrylamide has been suggested to cause cancer in mice, however it has not been proven in human studies. There are quite a number of these gadgets in the market. The However, the short answer is that there is currently no evidence suggesting that air fryers cause cancer. Chefs usually air the deep-fried foods in the oven after frying it in the oil. Yes, air fryers have a cancer warning. gov According to scientists and medical experts, acrylamides causes cancer. Typically, all air fryer brands have a cancer warning. Summing up, Air fryers are indeed a healthier choice for cooking compared to deep frying in oil. Source: cdc. There is a possibility, albeit small, that microwaves can create carcinogens at higher power settings. Gourmia uses stainless steel to coat the interior cooking surface. Dec 25, 2018 · Yes, Air Fryer completely safe for your health. When the food is heated at a very high temperature, there is a risk of producing harmful acrylamides. Nov 24, 2023 · Although Air fryers do not cause Cancer on their own, the risk of Cancer is dependent on the food you choose and how it is prepared in an Air fryer. This non-toxic stainless steel air fryer oven can easily cook 4 lbs of chicken inside with little to no oil! So, air fryers that do not cause cancer are PTFE, BPA, PFOA, and PFOS-free. This myth began as a chemical compound known as acrylamide is present when cooking with oils heated to very high temperatures. This innovative kitchen appliance revolutionizes your culinary experience by delivering crispy, delicious meals with minimal oil. You may have read in the newspapers or watched in the news about different types of cancer and how they may be caused by air fryers. Jan 19, 2023 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Nov 17, 2022 · The air fryer itself does not cause cancer There are a few ways through which air frying may damage the nutritional value of food and increase your chance of developing cancer. This is because it could increase the acrylamide levels in your food. Jan 21, 2024 · A topic that has been raising concerns among health-conscious individuals – air fryers and their cancer warning labels. It is, however, the food that can cause cancer. In laboratory experiments, HCAs and PAHs have been found to be mutagenic—that is, they Jan 3, 2024 · Can Air Fryer Cause Cancer. When properly used, air fryers are not dangerous. gov; Air fryers can cause burns and injuries if not used properly, with hot surfaces and steam being potential hazards. Here are the safety features that come with this air fryer; Gourmia does not coat its air fryers with Teflon, BPA, PFOA, or other toxic substances. With its spacious 8-quart capacity, you can prepare family-sized portions easily. While we’re discussing air fryer’s connection to cancers and stuff we must have a clear cut view of cancer and its causes. Nov 16, 2022 · No, technically speaking, air fryers generally don’t cause cancer. However, despite the number of studies conducted to evaluate the effect of hazardous compound formation in fried foods, few studies have examined the effect of air frying on the formation of acrylamide and PAHs in foodstuffs. Sites like "medicalnewstoday" will make claims like this because of some of the compounds that result in high temp Mar 30, 2023 · The short answer is no, air fryers do not cause cancer. They can lead to cancer directly by producing dangerous compounds while cooking at high heat with oil. With an understanding of the risks associated with traditional deep frying, it’s time to explore the innovative benefits of air fryers in revolutionizing your cooking experience. Do Air Fryers Cause Cancer? Air fryers are a seriously healthy option you should have in your kitchen. And despite its name, it doesn't fry food at all. Previous research has found frying food in oil can cause dangerous Jun 27, 2023 · Investigating the truth of a theory that air fryers could potentially cause cancer, you should be aware of safe air frying practices to ensure the best results and healthiest meals. However, the risk for cancer depends on the type of food and the way the food is made inside the air fryer. Air fryers are generally safe to use, as long as they are used correctly and kept clean. Feb 24, 2019 · In an air fryer, the food to be deep-fried is coated in a thin layer of oil, not submerged, and hot air provides a heated atmosphere. Plant-based foods like potatoes and cereal Nov 3, 2022 · 1. Elite Gourmet 3. The primary reason is that air fryers cook food at extremely high temperatures. Air frying food can potentially create cancer-causing compounds Credit: Getty. That said, studies have still been unable to establish a strong connection between these substances and cancer. Aug 13, 2023 · Air fryers are required to include a Prop 65 warning due to trace amounts of PFOA, which is a compound used in the manufacturing process of non-stick coatings. For example, frying foods containing sugars and asparagine (amino acids) can promote carcinogenic acrylamide formation. Mar 24, 2023 · Published 3:34 PM PDT, March 24, 2023. Geek Chef. 6 Quart XXL 8-in-1 Air Fryer Oven: California Prop. Fact: Health issues arise from unhealthy food choices, not the cooking method itself. Sep 23, 2021 · And if you know anything about chemistry or food science, this fact actually may surprise you. Oct 16, 2022 · The food itself, the cooking method, and genetics are the major deciding factors. Jul 20, 2023 · There have been several misconceptions and claims floating around about air fryers being carcinogenic. You must know whether your air fryer is PTFE and PFOA-free or not. The best air fryers help lower the oil content by 75% compared to the traditional deep fryer. No definitive evidence suggests that air fryers directly cause cancer. However, it is important to be aware of the potential risks associated with cooking, including the formation of PAHs and acrylamide. According to Medical News Today, air frying is supposed to lower the risk of acrylamide formation compared to other cooking methods. Non-stick Burnt foods, barbecued and deep fried food also contains acrylamide, so it's not specific to airfryers. Apr 19, 2023 · There are several common myths surrounding air fryers and their potential link to cancer risk that need to be debunked. Yes. Acrylamide can be found in small amounts in consumer Proposition 65 is a California law that requires businesses to warn customers about chemicals in their products that may cause cancer or birth defects. Dec 30, 2023 · These compounds have been linked to an increased risk of cancer, raising concerns about the use of air fryers for high-heat cooking. The digital controls and presets simplify the Sep 2, 2023 · Best Non Toxic Air Fryers. After reading the expert opinion, consulting research evidence, and experience using air fryers, they are safe to use. Aug 6, 2019 · No, air fryers are not known to cause cancer on their own. We’ll dive into the science behind air frying and examine the concerns that have been raised. Personally, I believe an air fryer is not more bad for you than a standard nonstick pan or cooking directly over charcoal. Throughout this article, I will walk you through more insights with the benefits and risks of air Jan 31, 2023 · Updated: 2:55 PM PST January 31, 2023. Read our guide about non-toxic air fryers. Dec 26, 2022 · Conclusion. Air fryers can emit two chemicals that may cause cancer: acrylamide and benzene. Conclusion. Oster 6. Below, this article analyzes one by one from several aspects: 1. However, a large number of epidemiologic studies (both case-control and cohort studies) in humans have Aug 4, 2023 · In this article, we will explore whether air fryers have the potential to cause cancer or pose any other health risks. ARIA 2. See, cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Oct 13, 2023 · Using an air fryer may cause cancer, although it is less likely than deep-frying or eating deep-fried dishes. And cooking with any sort of high heat will not only up the amount of these cancer-related Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemicals formed when muscle meat, including beef, pork, fish, or poultry, is cooked using high-temperature methods, such as pan frying or grilling directly over an open flame ( 1 ). These chemicals are the result of cooking meat with high heat, which links them to the cause of cancer cell development. Feb 17, 2021 · Some air fryers available in Hong Kong produce cancer-causing chemicals, which in some instances exceeded European Union safety levels, the consumer watchdog has warned after testing 12 models. Do Air Fryers Cause Cancer? The short answer is no, air fryers do not cause cancer. This cooking method might also cut down on some of the other harmful effects of Apr 24, 2023 · Air fryers are a wonderful invention that helps you enjoy crispy, delicious food, minus the oil – that can be harmful to heart health. HOmeLabs. Myth#2: All air fryers produce An air fryer can still create compounds that are harmful, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines. Now that you know air fryers don’t significantly increase your cancer risk, let’s look at how this rumor came to be in the first place. Luckily, air frying can Mar 30, 2023 · The air fryer is a popular kitchen appliance because it can cook food with little to no oil, making it a healthier alternative to deep-frying. Feb 17, 2021 · Hongkongers should be wary of marketing hype touting the health benefits of air fryers, the Consumer Council warned on Wednesday, noting that potentially cancer-causing compounds could still be Nov 30, 2023 · 12. Yes, they can, although this isn’t guaranteed. zp mf pw gm mo ff yl wf zs ku